The SCO Heads of State Council shall be the supreme SCO body. It shall determine priorities and define major areas of activities of the Organisation, decide upon the fundamental issues of its internal arrangement and functioning and its interaction with other States and international organisations, as well as consider the most topical international issues.

The Council shall hold its regular meetings once a year. A meeting of the Heads of State Council shall be chaired by the head of State organising this regular meeting. The venue of a regular meeting of the Council shall generally be determined in the Russian alphabetic order of names of the SCO member states.

The last XXI meeting was held on September 15-16, 2022, in the Samarkand city (Uzbekistan).